Hydraulic turbines are mechanical devices that convert the energy of flowing water into rotational energy, which can then be used to generate electricity. There are several different types of hydraulic turbines, each with its own unique characteristics and applications.
Pelton wheel turbine: The Pelton wheel turbine is a type of impulse turbine that is commonly used in high head hydroelectric power plants. It consists of a circular wheel with cups or buckets mounted around the perimeter. As water flows through a nozzle and impinges on the cups, it causes the wheel to rotate, generating electricity.
Francis turbine: The Francis turbine is a type of reaction turbine that is commonly used in medium to low head hydroelectric power plants. It consists of a set of fixed vanes and a set of moving vanes that are positioned inside a spiral casing. As water flows through the turbine, it causes the vanes to rotate, generating electricity.
Kaplan turbine: The Kaplan turbine is a type of propeller turbine that is commonly used in low head hydroelectric power plants. It consists of a set of blades that are mounted on a shaft and positioned inside a spiral casing. As water flows through the turbine, it causes the blades to rotate, generating electricity.
Turgo turbine: The Turgo turbine is a type of impulse turbine that is similar to the Pelton wheel turbine, but with a more compact design. It is commonly used in micro hydroelectric power plants and has a relatively high efficiency.
Crossflow turbine: The crossflow turbine is a type of reaction turbine that is commonly used in low head hydroelectric power plants. It consists of a set of fixed vanes and a set of moving vanes that are positioned inside a cylindrical chamber. As water flows through the turbine, it causes the vanes to rotate, generating electricity.
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